Poltrona de Martin Visser para Spectrum, Países Bajos, años 60

Born in 1922 in Papendrecht, Holland, Martin Visser was a celebrated Dutch furniture designer and art collector. After studying civil engineering at the Middelbare Technische School (now the Hogere Technische School) in Amsterdam, Visser worked as an architectural draughtsman. In the early postwar era, he was hired as Head Furniture Buyer for De Bijenkorf department store in Amsterdam after he presented one of the store's buyers a set of furniture he had self-produced for a friend. In 1954, while working at Bijenkorf, Visser impressed the owner of Dutch furniture manufacturing company 't Spectrum, who invited Visser to head up the design of 't Spectrum's new collections—a postion he held until the 1970s. During these years, Visser also consulted for De Ploeg Textiles, the umbrella company for 't Spectrum.

Successful designs by Visser for 't Spectrum include the BR 02 Sofa Bed (1958/60); SZ 01 and SZ 02 Armchairs (1960); TE 06.7 Table (1960); and SE 05, SE 06, SE 07 Dining Chairs (1960)—all of which remain in production with Spectrum today. The SZ 63 Easy Chair (1960–1965), no longer in production, is among Visser's most highly sought-after pieces on the vintage market.

Visser's work is charactered by a rational, minimalist, unadorned aesthetic expressed through an economical approach to materials. His use of square steel tubing for the legs of his chairs, tables, and storage pieces has become his signature. This industrial-style look was ideally suited to the conditions of postwar recovery in the Netherlands but has also attracted a new generation of fans in the 21st century. Recent scholarship suggests that Visser's wife, Joke van der Heijden, played a significant role in his design work, particularly with regards to his cheerful but muted color palette.

Visser lost the copyrights to his designs in 1974—and consequently lost interest in designing—when 't Spectrum was liquidated due to financial challenges. ('t Spectrum and its design licenses were subsequently resurrected twice, existing today as Spectrum.) From 1978 until 1983, Visser was the head curator of modern art at the Boymans-van Beuningen Museum in Rotterdam. Later in the 1980s, Visser returned to furniture design, often using unexpected materials like cardboard and perforated sheet-steel. Some say this aesthetic evolution owes much to Visser's increasing devotion to the art world. 

Throughout his life, Visser built up an important private collection of more than 400 works of modern art and design, now held by the Kröller-Müller Museum in a central region of the Netherlands. Included in the collection is the work of luminaries such as Carl Andre, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Joseph Beuys, Keith Haring, Donald Judd, Sol Lewitt, Piero Manzoni, Bruce Nauman, and Andy Warhol, to name a few, as well as a model of Visser’s own home in Bergeijk, a protected building designed by Gerrit Rietveld, built in 1955 and extended in 1968 by Aldo van Eyck. 

In 1998, Visser’s design career was honored with the Oeuvre Prize for design from the Fonds voor Beeldende Kunst. He passed away in 2009. Three years later, the Bonnefantenmuseum in Maastrict stage a major exhibition in which Visser's designs were shown alongside his private art collection.

Dutch furniture company ‘t Spectrum was founded as a subsidiary of De Ploeg Textiles in 1941 in Bergeijk, the Netherlands. During World War II, the market for upholstery and fabrics shrunk; so De Ploeg director Piet Blijenburg (1896-1967)—a real go-getter—decided to tap into the more general, more durable market for domestic “industrial arts.” After the war, Blijenburg aligned ‘t Spectrum with the “Goed Wonen” (Good Living) movement in the Netherlands, which, much like the “Good Design” movement in the US, emphasized design work that embodied a healthy, modern lifestyle at affordable prices. The early objects produced by ‘t Spectrum—from tableware and lighting, to stools, magazine racks, and children’s furniture—quickly earned a reputation in the Netherlands for frugality, utility, and durability.

In 1954, engineer-designer Martin Visser (1922-2009) became ‘t Spectrum’s Head of Design—in charge of developing the collections and overseeing production—and piloted the company’s “form follows function” ethos into the booming postwar era. As the wartime ban on metal consumption lifted, Visser designed a number of popular furniture pieces—chairs, tables, and more—in tubular steel, including his iconic BR 02.7 Sofa Bed (1955-58). Visser also commissioned outside creatives to contribute to ‘t Spectrum’s line, including graphic artist Constant Nieuwenhuys, designers Benno Premsela and Kho Liang Ie, and, most famously, architect Gerrit Rietveld. Although ‘t Spectrum’s aesthetic through the end of the 1960s was quite industrial, Visser, in fact, held a preference for handmade furniture; as a result, ‘t Spectrum's seating and storage products were always finely crafted and often too costly for the mass market.

In the early ‘70s, with cheaper, foreign products bringing stiff competition, ‘t Spectrum’s directors decided to liquidate the company. Some employees, however, wanted to continue; and so they opened a smaller manufacturing outfit under the name Arspect, selling a small number of ‘t Spectrum pieces alongside new designers. Unable to weather financial problems in the 1980s, Arspect also closed; but luckily another former ‘t Spectrum employee bought the original, ‘60s-era design licenses and set up Spectrum, as it is known today, in Eindhoven. This latest incarnation still offers high-quality pieces by Visser and Rietveld, among others.